Results for 'John R. Benson'

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  1.  17
    Microsatellite instability and a TGFβ receptor: Clues to A growth control pathway.John R. Benson & K. Wells - 1995 - Bioessays 17 (12):1009-1012.
    Defects of growth inhibitory pathways have an important role in disorders of cell growth and differentiation. The discovery of a mutation in one of the principle components of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) receptor system which is linked to a DNA repair defect(1) represents one possible mechanism of escape from negative regulatory influences acting upon cells. TGFβ is a pre‐eminent negative growth factor and this article discusses (1) the role of TGFβ in maintaining epithelial homeostasis; (2) how breakdown of (...)
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  2.  26
    American morphology in the late nineteenth century: The biology department at Johns Hopkins University.Keith R. Benson - 1985 - Journal of the History of Biology 18 (2):163-205.
  3.  61
    Book Reviews Section 3.James L. Jarrett, Walter P. Krolikowski, Charles R. Estes, Hugh C. Black, Charles S. Benson, John Lipkin, Gerald T. Kowitz, Anthony Scarangello, Langston C. Bannister, David N. Campbell, Christine C. Swarm, Steven I. Miller, David H. Ford, William J. Mathis, Don Kauchak, Paul R. Klohr, George W. Bright, Joyce Ann Rich, Edward F. Dash & Marvin Willerman - 1973 - Educational Studies 4 (3):155-168.
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  4. (1 other version)Making the Social World: The Structure of Human Civilization.John R. Searle (ed.) - 2009 - , US: Oxford University Press.
    The purpose of this book -- Intentionality -- Collective intentionality and the assignment of function -- Language as biological and social -- The general theory of institutions and institutional facts: -- Language and social reality -- Free will, rationality, and institutional facts -- Power : deontic, background, political, and other -- Human rights -- Concluding remarks : the ontological foundations of the social sciences.
  5. Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language.John R. Searle - 1972 - Mind 81 (323):458-468.
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  6.  60
    Seeing Things as They Are: A Theory of Perception.John R. Searle - 2015 - New York: Oup Usa.
    This book provides a comprehensive account of the intentionality of perceptual experience. With special emphasis on vision Searle explains how the raw phenomenology of perception sets the content and the conditions of satisfaction of experience.
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  7. The Logical Status of Fictional Discourse.John R. Searle - 1975 - New Literary History 6 (2):319--32.
  8.  73
    The adaptive nature of human categorization.John R. Anderson - 1991 - Psychological Review 98 (3):409-429.
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  9. Skepticism about rules and intentionalilty.John R. Searle - 2002 - In Consciousness and Language. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  10.  72
    Rules and causation.John R. Searle - 1980 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3 (1):37-38.
  11. The Background of Meaning.John R. Searle - 1980 - In John Searle, F. Kiefer & Manfred Berwisch (eds.), Speech Act Theory and Pragmatics. Dordrecht. pp. 221-232.
    This article is a continuation of a line of investigation I began in ‘Literal Meaning’. Its aim is to explore some of the relations between the meaning of words and sentences and the context of their utterance. The view I shall be challenging is sometimes put by saying that the meaning of a sentence is the meaning that it has independently of any context whatever — the meaning it has in the so-called „null context“. The view I shall be espousing (...)
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  12.  58
    Differences in negativity bias underlie variations in political ideology.John R. Hibbing, Kevin B. Smith & John R. Alford - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (3):297-307.
    Disputes between those holding differing political views are ubiquitous and deep-seated, and they often follow common, recognizable lines. The supporters of tradition and stability, sometimes referred to as conservatives, do battle with the supporters of innovation and reform, sometimes referred to as liberals. Understanding the correlates of those distinct political orientations is probably a prerequisite for managing political disputes, which are a source of social conflict that can lead to frustration and even bloodshed. A rapidly growing body of empirical evidence (...)
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  13. (1 other version)Institutional Economics.John R. Commons - 1935 - International Journal of Ethics 45 (4):474-476.
  14. Response: The background of intentionality and action.John R. Searle - 1991 - In Ernest Lepore (ed.), John Searle and His Critics. Cambridge: Blackwell. pp. 293.
  15. Response: Perception and the satisfactions of intentionality.John R. Searle - 1991 - In John Searle and His Critics. Cambridge: Blackwell.
  16. The Future of Philosophy.John R. Searle - 2016 - Nova et Vetera 14 (2):543-558.
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  17. The moral foundation of employee rights.John R. Rowan - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 24 (4):355 - 361.
  18. Proper names and descriptions.John R. Searle - 1967 - In Paul Edwards (ed.), The Encyclopedia of philosophy. New York,: Macmillan. pp. 487-491.
  19. The Failures of Computationalism.John R. Searle - 2001 - Http.
    Harnad and I agree that the Chinese Room Argument deals a knockout blow to Strong AI, but beyond that point we do not agree on much at all. So let's begin by pondering the implications of the Chinese Room. The Chinese Room shows that a system, me for example, could pass the Turing Test for understanding Chinese, for example, and could implement any program you like and still not understand a word of Chinese. Now, why? What does the genuine Chinese (...)
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  20.  26
    Accountability as a virtue in medicine: from theory to practice.John R. Peteet, Charlotte V. O. Witvliet, Gerrit Glas & Benjamin W. Frush - 2023 - Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 18 (1):1-6.
    Accountability is a norm basic to several aspects of medical practice. We explore here the benefits of a more explicit focus on the virtue of accountability, which as distinct from the state of being held accountable, entails both welcoming responsibility to others and welcoming input from others. Practicing accountably can limit moral distress caused by institutional pressures on the doctor patient relationship. Fostering a mindset that is welcoming rather than resistant to feedback is critical to enhancing a culture of learning. (...)
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  21.  18
    Pragmatic Naturalism and Realism.John R. Shook (ed.) - 2003 - Prometheus.
    Pragmatism, the philosophy native to America, has once again grown to prominence in philosophical debate around the world. Today, the type of pragmatism that is proving to be of greatest value for fostering discussions with other worldviews is pragmatic naturalism. The fourteen provocative essays in this original collection are all by philosophers who describe themselves as pragmatic naturalists and who are active in the present-day revival of American pragmatism. Pragmatic naturalism, like all varieties of pragmatism, steers clear of the extreme (...)
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  22. Reductionism and the Irreducibility of Consciousness.John R. Searle - 1997 - In Ned Block, Owen Flanagan & Guven Guzeldere (eds.), The Nature of Consciousness: Philosophical Debates. MIT Press.
  23.  45
    (1 other version)Philosophy in a New Century.John R. Searle - 2003 - Journal of Philosophical Research 28 (9999):3-22.
    The central intellectual fact of the present era is that knowledge grows. This growth of knowledge is quietly transforming philosophy, making it possible to do a new kind of philosophy. With the abandonment of the epistemic bias in the subject, such a philosophy can go far beyond anything imagined by the philosophy of a half century ago. It begins, not with skepticism, but with what we know about the real world. It begins with such facts as those stated by the (...)
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  24.  52
    My Brain Made Me Moral: Moral Performance Enhancement for Realists.John R. Shook - 2016 - Neuroethics 9 (3):199-211.
    How should ethics help decide the morality of enhancing morality? The idea of morally enhancing the human brain quickly emerged when the promise of cognitive enhancement in general began to seem realizable. However, on reflection, achieving moral enhancement must be limited by the practical challenges to any sort of cognitive modification, along with obstacles particular to morality’s bases in social cognition. The objectivity offered by the brain sciences cannot ensure the technological achievement of moral bioenhancement for humanity-wide application. Additionally, any (...)
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  25.  53
    The Radiance of Drift and Doubt: Zhuangzi and the Starting Point of Philosophical Discourse.John R. Williams - 2017 - Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 16 (1):1-14.
    If one cannot establish givens, such as Platonic ideas, or determiners, such as Kantian categories, as a point of departure for philosophical inquiry, then how is philosophical inquiry to proceed in a non-question-begging manner? This, of course, is the familiar problem of grounding philosophical discourse. In this essay, I hope to offer a Zhuangzian solution—that is, a solution derived from analysis of the Zhuangzi 莊子 text—to this perennial philosophical problem. As a result, I hope to give the reader a critical (...)
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  26.  87
    Moral Strata: Another Approach to Reflective Equilibrium.John R. Welch - 2014 - Cham: Springer.
    This volume recreates the received notion of reflective equilibrium. It reconfigures reflective equilibrium as both a cognitive ideal and a method for approximating this ideal. The ideal of reflective equilibrium is restructured using the concept of discursive strata, which are formed by sentences and differentiated by function. Sentences that perform the same kind of linguistic function constitute a stratum. The book shows how moral discourse can be analyzed into phenomenal, instrumental, and teleological strata, and the ideal of reflective equilibrium reworked (...)
  27.  5
    An Annotated Translation of Fang Yizhi’s Commentary on Zhuangzi’s “Butterfly Dream” Story.John R. Williams - 2022 - Monumenta Serica 70 (2).
    A glimpse is provided into the Zhuangzi (Master Zhuang) commentary of Fang Yizhi (1611–1671), Yaodi pao Zhuang (Monk Yaodi Distills the Essence of the Zhuangzi), by providing the first translation of all the remarks on the famous butterfly story from the end of the “Qiwulun” (Discourse on Equalizing Things) chapter. The bricolage (pinzhuang) structure of Fang’s text, with layer upon layer of intertextuality (huwenxing), is preserved throughout, thereby giving insights into the structure as well as the content of the text.
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  28.  38
    Accountability and Autonomy.John R. Peteet, Charlotte V. O. Witvliet & C. Stephen Evans - 2022 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 29 (1):69-71.
    Christian miller invites further clarification about the relationship between accountability and autonomy. Whereas embracing accountability to others for one’s responsibilities in those relationships emphasizes relationality, autonomy accents the individual’s own capacities to exhibit agency in enacting one’s decisions. Accordingly, we theorize that relational capacities for empathic concern and perspective-taking are especially important in the virtue of accountability. The capacity for self-regulation may serve both one’s autonomous pursuits and accountability for carrying out one’s responsibilities...
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  29.  42
    Skill Acquisition and the LISP Tutor.John R. Anderson, Frederick G. Conrad & Albert T. Corbett - 1989 - Cognitive Science 13 (4):467-505.
    An analysis of student learning with the LISP tutor indicates that while LISP is complex, learning it is simple. The key to factoring out the complexity of LISP is to monitor the learning of the 500 productions in the LISP tutor which describe the programming skill. The learning of these productions follows the power‐law learning curve typical of skill acquisition. There is transfer from other programming experience to the extent that this programming experience involves the same productions. Subjects appear to (...)
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  30.  33
    Accountability as a Key Virtue in Mental Health and Human Flourishing.John R. Peteet, Charlotte V. O. Witvliet & C. Stephen Evans - 2022 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 29 (1):49-60.
  31.  27
    A Strict Finite Foundation for Geometric Constructions.John R. Burke - 2022 - Axiomathes 32 (2):499-527.
    Strict finitism is a minority view in the philosophy of mathematics. In this paper, we develop a strict finite axiomatic system for geometric constructions in which only constructions that are executable by simple tools in a small number of steps are permitted. We aim to demonstrate that as far as the applications of synthetic geometry to real-world constructions are concerned, there are viable strict finite alternatives to classical geometry where by one can prove analogs to fundamental results in classical geometry. (...)
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  32.  68
    Perceptual Intentionality.John R. Searle - 2012 - Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 19 (2):9-22.
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  33. Neuroscience, intentionality and free will: Reply to Habermas.John R. Searle - 2007 - Philosophical Explorations 10 (1):69 – 76.
    I agree with much of Habermas's article ?The Language Game of Responsible Agency and the Problem of Free Will,? but concentrate on disagreements. (i) He is wrong to think the language game of neuroscience is somehow at odds with the language game of rational intentionality. I argue that they give different levels of description of the same system. He also has too narrow a conception of contemporary neurobiological research. (ii) He is mistaken in thinking there is a ?performative contradiction? in (...)
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  34.  42
    Mental Imagery as the Adaptationist Views It.John R. Pani - 1995 - Consciousness and Cognition 5 (3):288-326.
    Mental images are one of the more obvious aspects of human conscious experience. Familiar idioms such as “the mind's eye” reflect the high status of the image in metacognition. Theoretically, a defining characteristic of mental images is that they can be analog representations. But this has led to an enduring puzzle in cognitive psychology: How do “mental pictures” fit into a general theory of cognition? Three empirical problems have constituted this puzzle: The incidence of mental images has been unpredictable, innumerable (...)
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  35.  33
    Die metaphysische Bedeutung des Höchsten Gutes als Kanon der reinen Vernunft in Kants Philosophie.John R. Silber - 1969 - Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 23 (4):538 - 549.
  36.  60
    Reply to Jacquette's adventures in the chinese room.John R. Searle - 1989 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 49 (4):701-707.
  37. Communism and the ironic value of property in italian neo-realist cinema.John R. Hamilton - 2006 - Journal of Libertarian Studies 20 (4):61-69.
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  38.  20
    Interactive effects of the two rewards in a differential magnitude of reward discrimination.John R. Mackinnon - 1967 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 75 (3):329.
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  39.  32
    The office of ordnance and the instrument-making trade in the mid-eighteenth century.John R. Millburn - 1988 - Annals of Science 45 (3):221-293.
    Records of certain Government Departments known to have purchased scientific instruments from designated suppliers over long periods are potentially important sources of information on both instruments and their makers. The Office of Ordnance was one such Department. Investigation of its financial and administrative records has shown that the appointment ‘Mathematical Instrument Maker to his Majesty's Office of Ordnance’ brought the holder a substantial trade in instruments for drawing, surveying, and military purposes. Detailed entries in the Bill Books enable not only (...)
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  40. The causal powers of the brain: The necessity of sufficiency.John R. Searle - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (1):164-164.
  41.  39
    Patterns, symbols, and understanding.John R. Searle - 1985 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8 (4):742-743.
  42.  30
    Re-Thinking Fast and Slow.John R. Stinespring - 2024 - Economic Thought 11 (2):45.
    Daniel Kahneman's book Thinking, Fast and Slow (2011) has had a worldwide impact. The book's insights are profound and have changed the thinking of both decision scientists and general audiences about how choices are made. Kahneman, however, claims that standard utility theory cannot explain these insights because it 1) lacks “reference points” from which gains and losses can be measured, 2) does not predict loss aversion, and 3) assumes preferences are stable (amid supposed counter evidence). These alleged failures of utility (...)
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  43.  13
    A history of the moral economy: markets, custom, and the philosophy of popular entitlement.John R. Owen - 2009 - North Melbourne, Vic.: Australian Scholarly.
  44.  18
    Tolerance among the Fathers.John R. Bowlin - 2006 - Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 26 (1):3-36.
    HOPING TO ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT TOLERANCE INvolves and unsettling our assumptions about its history, in this essay I take a backward glance at some of the discourse about the virtue that emerged among the first Christian apologists in the debates they carried on with their pagan critics. Along the way, several conclusions come into view: that tolerance regards the objectionable differences of those with whom we share some sort of society, that the question of social membership always precedes (...)
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  45.  82
    Embryonic personhood, human nature, and rational ensoulment.John R. Meyer - 2006 - Heythrop Journal 47 (2):206–225.
    This essay briefly describes a few of the problems associated with using personhood language to defend the right to life of the pre‐implantation embryo. Arguing that an immaterial soul explains the personal identity of an embryo is problematic for many people because there is no apparent spiritual activity in the unborn. While some scholars argue that the embryo has the potential to act as an adult person and thus should be protected from harm, others contend that potentiality alone is insufficient (...)
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  46.  34
    (1 other version)Max Weber's methodological strategy and comparative lifeworld phenomenology.John R. Hall - 1979 - Human Studies 4 (1):131 - 143.
  47.  21
    The story of Knemon in Heliodoros' "AITEIORIKA".John R. Morgan - 1989 - Journal of Hellenic Studies 109:99-113.
  48.  5
    Improving the Quality of Social Welfare Scholarship: Response to "Confirmational Response Bias".John R. Schuerman - 1990 - Science, Technology and Human Values 15 (1):56-61.
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  49.  96
    The critique of cognitive reason.John R. Searle - 1993 - In Alvin I. Goldman (ed.), Readings in Philosophy and Cognitive Science. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  50.  47
    Procedural Formalism In Kant’s Ethics.John R. Silber - 1974 - Review of Metaphysics 28 (2):197 - 236.
    MORAL THEORY is by no means unique in its dependence upon judgment for its application. Judgment is a creative faculty that stands as the active link between any theory and its application, whether it be a theory of science, morality, or aesthetics.
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